Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

BIO 242 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Which lines of defense would be considered nonspecific? - ANSWER First line of defense Second line of defense Differentiate between components of first and second line defense - ANSWER FIRST:Physical and Chemical barriers SECOND: phagocytosis, inflammation, fever, antimicrobial proteins FLOD: lysozome - ANSWER is secreted in tears in saliva What human body region is protected by fatty acids, acidic pH, lactic a...

BIO 242 STUDY GUIDE/ EXAM TEST `COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS GET IT RIGHT 2024 UPDATE GRADED A+

Bio 242 Exam 3: Chordates Questions with Answers 2024 What are Chordate general characteristics? - ️️ -Eucoelomate Bilateral Symmetry Deuterostomes Chordate functional homologies (4) - ️️ -Notochord Pharyngeal gill slits Dorsal, hollow, single nerve cord Post-anal tail Homology in chordates. A flexible rod running posteriorly from the head to the tail. It acts as an attachment site for muscles and a support structure that can bend. It consists of a large fluid-filled cells enc...

BIO 242 Midterm Exam With Correct Questions And Answers 2024

BIO 242 Exam 1 With Correct Questions And Answers 2024

Microorganisms are classified in various taxonomic categories: they can be prokaryotic (bacteria and archaea); or eukaryotic (animals, plants, protists, fungi). While virus, viroids, and other infectious agents such as prions are also microscopic, they are not considered living organisms because they are acellular (lacking a cell). Unicellular organisms (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) and many multicellular organisms (eukaryotes) are microscopic living organisms. An instrument called a ___...

Liquid media Water-based solutions that do not solidify at temperatures above freezing and flow freely (Broths, milks, infusions) Semisolid media -Exhibits a clot-like consistency at room temperature -Contains enough gelatin or agar to thicken but not produce a firm surface -Used to determine motility of bacteria Solid media -Provides a firm surface upon which cells can form discrete colonies -Used to isolate bacteria and fungi Agar • Complex polysaccharide isolated from the red a...

First line of defense Skin - layer of epidermal cells is constantly dividing and cells are move outward where they die and dry out Form a sort of armor. Follicle cells have associated oil (fatty acids) producing glands and sweat glands produce salty water There are also antimicrobial peptides produced and deposited on the skin. Mucous membranes - single layer of cells with mucous producing cells + ciliated cells to keep the mucous moving Nasal hairs help capture particles, including microbe...

Tropic hormone TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH are all tropic hormones ("messenger hormones"- regulate the secretory action of other endocrine glands) Endocrine gland (Innie) pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands Exocrine Gland (Outie) More numerous than endocrine glands, secrete products into ducts and secretion released onto the body surfaces (skin) or into body cavities to reduce friction Neuroendocrine organ Hypothalamus, has neural functions & produces and releases h...

gastrocnemius origin Femoral condyle gastrocnemius insertion Calcaneous Gastrocnemius action plantar flexion soleus origin (2) Head and proximal shaft of fibula, postmedial shaft of tibia soleus insertion Calcaneous soleus action plantar flexion sartorius action (3) Hip flexion & external rotation, knee flexion rectus femoris origin (2) ilium (anterior inferior iliac spine), superior margin of acetabulum rectus femoris insertion (2) Patella, tibial tuberosity rectus fe...

Taxonomy The field of biology that is involved in naming, describing, and classifying organisms, both extinct species and extant species International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) The formal rules used by scientists in naming to promote stability and universality in the scientific names of animals and other organisms. Classification One branch of taxonomy where various things are identified and grouped together into groups. This orders and ranks things into a series of hierarchia...