Peptidoglycan Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What are the 5 ways drugs kill organisms - ️️Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors Plasma Membrane Damage Protein Synthesis Inhibition Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibition Metabolic Pathway Inhibition Cell wall inhibitors - ️️Beta lactam Glycopeptide Beta Lactam drugs - ️️Penicillin Cephalosporin Carbapenem Monobactam Glycopeptide drugs - ️️Vancomycin Teicoplanin Links amino acids (D-ala-D-ala) in peptidoglycan - ️️Transpeptidase (PBP) Links glucans (NAM & NAG) in peptido...

What is a semiautonomous organelle? Correct Answer-organelle with DNA which two organelles are semiautonomous? Correct Answer-mitochondria & chloroplasts what is the endosymbiotic theory? Correct Answer-explains how eukaryotic cells may have evolved from prokaryotic cells what are terms associated with bacterial flagellum? Correct Answer-filament, hook, rod, and rings what type of cell has the most peptidoglycan? Correct Answer-Gram + what is the structural part of the cell wall w...

Hershey and Chase performed an experiment in order to determine how bacteriophages infect bacteria. What did they find? The bacteriophage injects DNA into the host cell. This was found because, after centrifugation, the pellet was radioactive The largest difference between a Gram + and Gram - bacterial cell is: The gram + cell has a much thicker peptidoglycan layer Why does a Gram + cell stain blue/purple in a gram stain? The Gram + cell stains blue/purple because crystal violet rem...

Hershey and Chase performed an experiment in order to determine how bacteriophages infect bacteria. What did they find? CORRECT ANSWER The bacteriophage injects DNA into the host cell. This was found because, after centrifugation, the pellet was radioactive The largest difference between a Gram + and Gram - bacterial cell is: CORRECT ANSWER The gram + cell has a much thicker peptidoglycan layer Why does a Gram + cell stain blue/purple in a gram stain? CORRECT ANSWER The Gram + cell stains ...

What type of antibiotic is good for bloodstream infections - bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal? - Answer- Bacteriocidal T/F? Penicillin is a broad spectrum antibiotic? - Answer- False, it is narrow spectrum What broad classes of bacteria does penicillin cover? - Answer- - Gram + - Anaerobes What are the 2 classes of cell wall synthesis inhibitors? - Answer- 1. Beta-Lactams: these bind to and blocks transpeptidase (a penicillin binding protein) and prevent formation of the cross-links in ...

If a human has a serious bacterial infection, which bacterial target or targets could be useful targets when designing bacterial antibiotics? a. 40S ribosomal subunits b. gyrase c. a peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzyme d. B and C e. A, B and C - d. B and C (gyrase, a peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzyme) With regards to modern medicine, pathogenicity and pharmacology, it is very important that one understand one fundamental concept. That concept is that researchers will look for and attack en...

Lack a nucleus or membrane bound organelles, usually unicellular. Smaller and simpler than most eukaryotic cells. Contain two types of domain Bacteria and Archaea. - Prokaryotic cells Ridged cell wall contains peptidoglycan. Includes a nucleoid (no nucleus) with no membrane-bound organelles. Multiply by binary fission - cell enlarges then divides - Bacteria Bacterial shapes: Coccus Rods (bacillus) Coccobacillus Vibrio Spirillum Spirochete - - Coccus - spherical - Rod (bacillus) - rod ...

Test Bank Microbiology: An Introduction, 13th Edition Gerard J. Tortora Table of Contents: Part I: Fundamentals of Microbiology Chapter 1. The Microbial World and You Chapter 2. Chemical Principles Chapter 3. Observing Microorganisms through a Microscope Chapter 4. Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Chapter 5. Microbial Metabolism Chapter 6. Microbial Growth Chapter 7. The Control of Microbial Growth Chapter 8. Microbial Genetics Chapter 9. Biotechnology and DNA Technology Pa...

Gram Negative Bacteria CORRECT ANSWER - inner membrane - lipoproteins on both sides of cell wall - thin cell wall= peptidoglycan - outer membrane - lipopolysaccharides (LPS)= located in the outer membrane - S-layer - Capsule Gram Positive Bacteria CORRECT ANSWER - inner membrane - thick cell wall= composed of lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan -Teichoic acid wall - S-layer - Capsule Lipopolysaccharide CORRECT ANSWER - found only in Gram negative - on the surface of the outer...

What is meant by selective toxicity? Correct Answer-Chemotherapeutic agents should act against the pathogen and not the host. Why are chemotherapeutic agents that work on the peptidoglycan cell wall of bacteria a good choice of drug? Correct Answer-Humans and other animal hosts lack peptidoglycan cell walls. Why is polymyxin only used on the skin? Correct Answer-It can also damage living human cell membranes, but the drug is safely used on the skin, where the outer layers of cells are dead...